Non-woven, also known as non-woven, refers to non-woven fabrics. It is a kind of fabric that does not need to be spun. It is only made of textile staple fibers or filaments by directional or random bracing to form a web structure, which is then reinforced by mechanical, thermal or chemical methods.

Non-woven fabrics are usually made of polypropylene (pp) granular material by continuous one-step process of melting, spinning, laying and hot-pressing coiling at high temperature. They are called cloth because of their appearance and some functions. Nonwovens break through the traditional textile principle, and have the characteristics of short process flow, fast production rate, high output, low cost, wide use and many sources of raw materials. Non-woven fabrics are mainly produced by polypropylene (PP) and polyester (PET). In addition, there are nylon (PA), viscose fiber, acrylic fiber, polyethylene (HDPE), polyvinyl chloride (PVC). Non-woven fabrics are non-woven fabrics which are directly made of polymer chips, staple fibers or filaments through air flow or mechanical netting, then reinforced by spunlace, needling, or hot rolling, and finally cleaned up and consolidated.

Classification of non-woven fabrics production process:

Spunlaced non-woven: The high-pressure micro-water is sprayed onto one or more layers of fiber mesh, so that the fibers are intertwined, so that the fiber mesh can be strengthened and have a certain strength.

Thermo-bonded non-woven: Fiber or powdered hot-melt bonding reinforcement material is added to the fiber mesh, which is then strengthened into cloth by heating, melting and cooling.

Air flow into a network: also known as dust-free paper, dry paper non-woven fabrics. It uses air-flow netting technology to loosen the wood pulp fiberboard into a single fiber state, and then uses air-flow method to agglomerate the fibers on the screen curtain, and then reinforce the fibernet into cloth.

Wet nonwovens: The fibers placed in the water medium are loosened into single fibers, at the same time, different fibers are mixed to make fibre suspension slurry. The suspension slurry is conveyed to the netting mechanism, and the fibers are netted and consolidated into cloth in the wet state.

Spunbonded nonwovens: After the polymer has been extruded and stretched to form continuous filaments, the filaments are laid into nets, which are then made into nonwovens by means of self-bonding, thermal bonding, chemical bonding or mechanical reinforcement.

Melt blown nonwovens: polymer feeding - melt extrusion - fiber formation - fiber cooling - Netting - reinforcement into cloth.

Needle-punched nonwovens: Dry nonwovens. Needle-punched nonwovens use the puncture effect of needles to reinforce the fluffy web into cloth.

Sewing nonwovens: Dry nonwovens. Sewing is the use of warp-knitted coil structure to reinforce fibre webs, yarn layers, non-textile materials (such as plastic sheets, plastic thin metal foil, etc.) or their combinations to make nonwovens.

Non-woven fabric is a new type of fibre products with soft, breathable and flat structure. Its advantages are that it does not produce fibre chips, strong, durable, silky and soft. It is also a kind of reinforcing material. It also has the feeling of cotton. Compared with cotton fabric, non-woven bags are easy to form and cheap to manufacture.

It is a new generation of environmental protection materials, with water-repellent, breathable, flexible, non-combustion, non-toxic, non-irritating, rich color and other characteristics. If the material is placed outdoors and decomposed naturally, its longest life is only 90 days, and it is decomposed indoors within 8 years. When burned, it is non-toxic, tasteless, and has no residual substances, thus it does not pollute the environment, so environmental protection comes from it. In terms of environmental protection, polypropylene is the raw material of most non-woven fabrics, while polyethylene is the raw material of plastic bags. Although the names of the two substances are similar, their chemical structures are quite different.

Polyethylene has a relatively strong chemical and molecular structure, which is extremely difficult to degrade, so plastic bags need 300 years to decompose; while polypropylene chemical structure is not strong, molecular chains can easily be broken, so it can be effectively degraded, and in the non-toxic form into the next environmental cycle, a non-woven shopping bag can be completely decomposed in 90 days. And non-woven shopping bags can be reused for more than 10 times. The environmental pollution of discarded non-woven bags is only 10% of that of plastic bags. Its strength and durability are poor. It can not be cleaned like other fabrics. Because the fibers are arranged in a certain direction, it is easy to split from the right direction and so on.

Non-woven fabrics are widely used:

Medical surgical clothing, protective clothing, disinfection wrap, masks, diapers, civilian rags, wipes, wet towels, magic towels, soft towel rolls, cosmetic products, sanitary towels, sanitary pads, and disposable sanitary cloth, etc. Family decoration wall cloth, tablecloth, sheets, bedspread, clothing lining, adhesive lining, flocculent, stereotyped cotton, various synthetic leather undercloth, etc. Industrial roofing waterproof membrane and asphalt tile materials, reinforcement materials, polishing materials, filter materials, insulation materials, cement packaging bags, geotextiles, coated cloth, etc. Agricultural crop protective cloth, seedling-raising cloth, irrigation cloth, thermal curtain, etc. Other materials such as space cotton, insulation and sound insulation materials, oil-absorbing felt, smoke filter, tea bags, shoes and so on.